RNA World 的项目描述

Youth

http://www.rnaworld.de/rnaworld/forum_thread.php?id=53
是RNA World的项目方在邀请大家来翻译，因为目前这个页面只提供了英德两种语言。

需要翻译的页面：
http://www.rechenkraft.net/wiki/ ... ojectdescription/en

原文：

RNA World project description

RNA World is a distributed supercomputer that uses Internet-connected computers to advance RNA research. This system is dedicated to identify, analyze, structurally predict and design RNA molecules on the basis of established bioinformatics software in a high-performance, high-throughput fashion.

In contrast to classical bioinformatic approaches, RNA World does not rely on individual desktop computers, web servers or supercomputers. Instead, it represents a continuously evolving cluster of world-wide distributed machines of any type. As such, RNA World is very heterogenous and, depending on the sub-project, currently addresses Internet-connected computers running Linux, Windows and OSX operating systems - your computer could be an important part of it. The fact that hardware and electricity costs are shared among the volunteer contributors raises the possibility of performing interesting analyses which under economical aspects would often not be affordable. In return, RNA World is not for profit, exclusively uses open source code and will make its results available to the public.

In its present form, RNA World runs a fully automated high-throughput analysis software version of Infernal1, a program suite originally developed in Sean Eddys laboratory for the systematic identification of non-coding RNAs. The goal of this RNA World sub-project is to systematically identify all known RNA family members in all organisms known to date and make the results available to the public in a timely fashion. With your help, we also aim at supplying established bioinformatic databases such as Rfam2 with our results to help reduce their future maintenance costs.

In contrast to other distributed and grid computing projects, the RNA World developers are currently designing generalized user interfaces that, in parallel to the projects our own research team is following up, allow non-associated individual scientists to submit their own projects in a manner similar to using a web server interface - of course, free of cost.

Why RNA?

Every protein in a cell is produced from a transiently synthesized messenger molecule, termed mRNA. This mRNA is then recognized by a cellular machinery that translates the base sequence of mRNA into its corresponding protein (which is a sequence of amino acids). This protein synthesis machinery, termed ribosome, is actually a ribozyme, i.e. it is a catalytically active assembly of several RNA molecules. Consequently, RNAs do not only serve as messenger molecules or perform structural functions as e.g. in tRNA but may also act as catalysts that perform biochemical reactions as is the case for protein enzymes. Of course, the ribosome also contains numerous proteins as it is a very complex ribonucleoprotein particle but these predominantly serve structural functions, e.g. to give the ribosome its shape.

Fascinatingly, the initial analysis of the human genome sequence revealed that, apparently, only a very small fraction of the DNA of our genome is encoding proteins. Scientists at first thought "what is all this junk DNA about?" or "can't we just delete it?". Today, it has become clear that probably a major fraction of regulatory events taking place in a human cell might be governed by small RNAs, the so-called miRNAs. Among other functions, these appear responsible for making sure that a skin cell becomes a skin cell while a muscle, liver or hair cell differentiates to a muscle, liver or hair cell during development and all this although the genetic material (DNA) of all of these very different cell types is essentially identical. On top of that it seems that many cancer types are accompanied by or even result from a deregulated miRNA profile in the affected cell. Moreover, viruses have been discovered to bring along miRNAs to modify the target cell's regulatory network leading to diseases.

Hence, we can clearly state that investing into RNA research, e.g. by supporting the RNA World distributed supercomputer project, will ultimately lead to important discoveries that might also have significant impact on future health care.

有愿意帮助翻译的，请直接回帖（可以先占座，再翻译或编辑）。

WiZarD811

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3dmaxmin

翻译了前半部分，本来准备吃完晚饭继续的，后半部分就交给楼上的兄弟了 顺便请帮忙帮我校对一下吧

RNA World是一个利用联网的计算机组成分布式超级计算机，可以用来帮助RNA研究。在现有的生物信息学软件的基础上，该系统能高效、高速的用于检验、分析、结构预测和绘制RNA分子。

与传统的生物信息学方法相比，RNA World不依赖于单一的计算机，服务器和超级计算机。相反，他是世界上各种类型分布式运算不断进步的成果。因此，RNA World由很多不同的子项目组成，项目送出的任务可以在安装有linux，windows 和 osx系统的联网计算机上运行。您的电脑可以成为项目很重要的一部分。事实上，由于大量像您这样的志愿者的参加而分摊硬件和电力成本，原先那些由于成本问题而不能开展的项目才得以运行。RNA world项目是一个开放其源代码的非盈利项目，作为您参与项目的回报，项目的成果将提供给公众。

RNA world项目目前运行的版本为Infernal1的高效分析软件，他是由Sean Eddys实验室为了识别非编码RNA而开发的。这个RNA world的子项目的目标是系统的识别所有已知的含有RNA的生物，并在适合的时候将成果提供给公众。在您的帮助下，我们着眼于用我们的研究结果帮助减少建立像Rfam2这样的生物信息学数据库所需要的成本。

相对于其他分布式和网格计算项目，为了使其他科学家们能够使用我们的计算项目，RNA world的开发者们目前正在开发通用的用户界面，相关项目我们的研究团队会及时正在跟进，当然这一切都是免费的。

WiZarD811

RNA World是一台分布式超级计算机，利用互联网上的电脑推动核糖核酸（RNA）的研究。这个计算系统致力于对核糖核酸进行鉴定、分析、预测结构、设计核糖核酸分子。这个系统以生物信息学软件为基础，满足高性能，高吞吐量的需求。
有别于传统生物信息学的方法，RNA World并不只依靠某一台桌面计算机，万维网服务器或超级计算机，它代表着一个持续发展的计算机群，这集群来自世界各地，形态各异。因此RNA World的构成相当复杂，连入其中的计算机使用Linux, Windows和OSX等操作系统——您的电脑也能成为其中的一员。由于硬件购置费用和电费由志愿者们分摊，RNA World使一些有趣的、没有太大经济价值的分析成为了可能。作为回报，RNA World不盈利，源代码全部公开，成果向公众公开。
就目前而言，RNA World运行着一个完全自动化、高吞吐量的分析软件Infernal1。Infernal1是一个程序组，最初由Sean Eddys实验室开发，用于非编码RNA的系统鉴定。这个RNA World的子项目的目的是有条理的鉴定所有有机体中已知的RNA成员，并使成果能够及时为公众所知。在您的帮助之下，我们还想为已有的生物信息学数据库（例如Rfam2）提供数据，降低它们未来的维护费用。
相对于其他分布式网格计算项目，RNA World开发者们目前正在设计和目前项目并行的、通用的用户界面，让没有背景的个人科学家有机会提交他们自己的项目，使用类似服务器的界面，当然，这一切是免费的。

Why RNA？
细胞里的每个蛋白质都由瞬时合成信使分子（术语叫mRNA）生成。这种mRNA被一种机械式细胞识别，mRNA的碱基序列被翻译成相应的蛋白质。这种蛋白质合成的机制，学名为核糖核蛋白体，就是核酶。这是一种帮助催化的几种RNA分子的集合。因此，RNA不单作为信使分子或在tRNA等中履行结构功能，还是生化反应的催化剂（就像蛋白质的酶）。当然，核糖核蛋白体也含有众多的蛋白质，是一种复杂的核蛋白(略作RNP)颗粒，它的构型功能赋予了核糖体形状。
有趣的是，对人类基因组序列的初步分析显示，我们的基因组里似乎只有很小一部分DNA为蛋白质编码。科学家开始时想：这些垃圾DNA是怎么一回事呢？为什么不删除这些没用的DNA呢？时至今日，科学家们已经清楚了，人类细胞的主要控制部分是由一些小的RNA（学名miRNA）监管的。这些RNA的主要职责是确保细胞不会异常变异（皮肤细胞还是皮肤细胞，肝细胞还是肝细胞，以此类推）（虽然构成这些细胞的物质不同且可辨别），最重要的是，很多癌症就是由于miRNA失职造成的。此外，我们发现有的病毒也携带有miRNA，以此修改目标细胞的控制网络，造成疾病。
因此，我们可以清楚的看到，对关于RNA的研究（比如RNA World）付出投入将最终产生重大发现，并对未来的保健业产生深远的影响。

Youth

楼上翻译已转移至：

http://www.equn.com/wiki/RNA_Wor ... E%E8%83%8C%E6%99%AF