翻译 Stardust@home 项目 FAQs 和 The Story

第三类接触

http://stardustathome.ssl.berkeley.edu/ss_tutorial_start.php
Stardust Search
   Tutorial Session辅导课程
How do I look for interstellar dust particles?
我怎么去找星际尘埃？
When a hypervelocity particle enters the top surface of an aerogel collector, it makes a track many times its own size as it slows and stops in the aerogel.
当一个超音速微粒进入气溶胶收集器的上表面时，随着减速它将造成一个数倍于自身大小的轨迹并停留在气溶胶中。
               
From the top, they look like this:
从上面看上去是这个样子：       
Viewed from the side, the tracks look like this:
侧面看，轨迹是这个样子：
The particles themselves are too small to see. You will be using a Virtual Microscope (VM) to look for the tracks made by the particles rather than the particles themselves. The tracks are just below the surface of the aerogel.
微粒本身非常小，肉眼难辨。你就需要使用模拟显微镜（VM）来寻找微粒产生的轨迹而不是微粒。这些轨迹就位于气溶胶的表层下。
We have prepared a tutorial to help you learn how to identify particle tracks and use the VM. The VM is very easy to use, as you'll see in the next pages.
我们准备了一个辅导课程来帮助你学习如何分辨微粒轨迹和使用显微镜。在下面的页面你可以看到，显微镜的使用是很简单的。
For the following training tutorial, we have used tracks of extraterrestrial particles that were captured in the ODCE collector on the Russian space station Mir, and tracks of submicron dust particles shot into aerogel at 20 km/sec using a Van Der Graaf dust accelerator in Heidelberg, Germany. It may turn out that the tracks of real interstellar dust will look quite different. They may be deeper or shallower, wider or narrower. We will see once we have the first few examples of real interstellar dust!
在接下来的训练课程中，我们使用的宇宙尘埃轨迹是由俄罗斯“和平”号空间站上搭载的ODCE收集器所捕捉，还有由德国汉堡的Van Der Graaf尘埃加速器产生的亚尘埃微粒以20km/秒射入气溶胶后的轨迹。这可以揭示出真实的宇宙尘埃轨迹是看着完全不一样的——要么深些，要么浅些，要么宽些，要么窄些。我们将会先看到一些真正的星际尘埃的样例。
http://stardustathome.ssl.berkel ... p?schedule_number=1
First, learn how to focus the microscope. It's easy: just move your mouse along the blue bar just to the right of the microscope viewer. Don't hold down any mouse or keyboard buttons.
Next, find the surface of the aerogel. It is easy to recognize: it has dust (not interstellar dust -- just dust that settled on it from the air) and scratches. The actual Stardust collector will probably not be so dusty, but it will still be easy with a little experience to find the surface.
Next, focus just below the surface, and look for tracks. There is one in this focus movie.
Move the mouse cursor across the blue bars to change focus.
首先来学习一下显微镜的聚焦。这非常简单要沿着显微镜视图右侧的蓝条移动鼠标即可。不要按住鼠标或键盘上的任何一个键。
下面是寻找气溶胶的表面。这很容易辨识：上面有尘埃（不是星际尘埃，而只是空气中的灰尘）和划痕。实际的星尘收集器可能不会这么脏，但这也只需一点经验就可以找到表面。
接下来，在表面聚焦来寻找星尘轨迹。在这个聚焦电影片断中有一个星尘轨迹。
在蓝条上移动光标来改变焦点。
http://stardustathome.ssl.berkel ... p?schedule_number=2
Here is another focus movie with a track in it. Notice all the cracks and dust around.
Move the mouse cursor across the blue bars to change focus.
这是另外一个聚焦电影片断，其中也有一个星尘轨迹。注意周围的所有裂纹和灰尘。
在蓝条上移动光标来改变焦点。
http://stardustathome.ssl.berkel ... p?schedule_number=3
Now we give examples of things that might be mistaken for tracks, but are not tracks. Here is an example of a fragment of aerogel sitting on the surface of the aerogel. Notice that when you focus below the surface, it is not in focus as a track would be. (It also doesn't really look like a track.)
Move the mouse cursor across the blue bars to change focus.
现在我们给出一些示例，它们不是轨迹但却会被误认为是轨迹。这是在表面上的一个气溶胶碎片。注意当你聚焦在表面以下时，他并不能像轨迹那样聚焦。（其实它确实不像轨迹）
在蓝条上移动光标来改变焦点。
http://stardustathome.ssl.berkel ... p?schedule_number=4
Here is an example of a 'ding' in the aerogel. This is not a track.
Move the mouse cursor across the blue bars to change focus.
这是气溶胶中“ding”的一个例子。它不是星尘轨迹。
在蓝条上移动光标来改变焦点。
http://stardustathome.ssl.berkel ... p?schedule_number=5
Here is an example of a 'scratch' in the aerogel. This is not a track. For reasons that are not well-understood, even aerogel that's never been touched shows these characteristic strings of chevrons.
Move the mouse cursor across the blue bars to change focus.
这是气溶胶中“划痕”的一个例子。它不是轨迹。由于一些原因它还不能得到很好的理解，而在从未被接触过的气溶胶中也出现了这样特征的V型条。
在蓝条上移动光标来改变焦点。
http://stardustathome.ssl.berkel ... p?schedule_number=6
Here is an example focus movie in which there are all kinds of objects, but no track.
Move the mouse cursor across the blue bars to change focus.
这个聚焦电影片断中除了轨迹，其它的一应俱全。
在蓝条上移动光标来改变焦点。
http://stardustathome.ssl.berkel ... p?schedule_number=7
The aerogel is not absolutely flat, and particularly near the edge of a tile it may be strongly sloped. You can still search for tracks, but the surface will not be in focus at the same time over the entire image. Here is an example of a movie with a sloped surface.
Move the mouse cursor across the blue bars to change focus.
气溶胶并不是完全平整，特别是在片的边缘部分可能有很大的变化。可你还是能寻找轨迹，但这样在整个图像处于焦点的时候，边缘部分的表面却没有聚焦。这是一个变化表面的示例电影片断。
在蓝条上移动光标来改变焦点。
http://stardustathome.ssl.berkel ... p?schedule_number=8
Occasionally, the automated microscope will have a problem focusing on the aerogel. This may be because of a tear in the aerogel or because the aerogel is too strongly tilted. In this case, you will have a button to click to tell us that there was a problem with this movie. This will enable us to go back and rescan these movies.
Move the mouse cursor across the blue bars to change focus.
偶然的情况下，自动的显微镜在聚焦时会出现问题。这可能是由于气溶胶上有个洞或者是过于倾斜。这样的话，你可以点一个按钮来告诉我们这个电影片断是有问题的。这会有助于我们回过头来重新扫描该片断。
在蓝条上移动光标来改变焦点。
http://stardustathome.ssl.berkel ... p?schedule_number=9
This is an example of a focusing problem in which nothing is in focus at any focus position. Here also you should press the "Can't focus" button to tell us to go back and rescan this movie.
Move the mouse cursor across the blue bars to change focus.
这是一个聚焦出现问题的例子。在任何焦距都没有东西位于焦点上。这里你同样可以按“无法聚焦”告诉我们来重新扫描这个片断。
在蓝条上移动光标来改变焦点。
http://stardustathome.ssl.berkel ... ?schedule_number=10
Here is a movie of a track of a larger, slower particle. This particle is so big that you can easily see it at the end of its track; it is larger than we expect to see in the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector. But we might be surprised! If you see such a track, or anything that you find unusual, do click on it. You might have found something completely unexpected!
(This particle is a micrometeorite captured in space in an aerogel collector that was on the Russian space station.)
Move the mouse cursor across the blue bars to change focus.
这是一个大而慢的微粒留下的轨迹。这个微粒大的让你能轻易的在轨迹末端看到它。它要比我们预期在“星尘”号星际尘埃收集器中能看到的微粒要大。而我们也非常惊奇。如果你看到了这样的轨迹，或者任何不寻常的东西，一定要选中它。你将有可能发现一些完全意料之外的东西。
在蓝条上移动光标来改变焦点。
http://stardustathome.ssl.berkel ... ?schedule_number=11
Finally, one more example of the kind of track that we are expecting in the interstellar collector.
Although you can find the tracks easily, computers are not very good at this kind of project. This is why we need you.
Thank you for completing the Stardust@Home Virtual Microscope training.
Please feel free to look back to review as much as you want or continue to the brief qualifying test and registration  
Move the mouse cursor across the blue bars to change focus.
最后再给出一个我们期待在星尘收集器中看到的轨迹类型。
可能你能容易的找到这些轨迹，但是计算机可不擅长这样的项目。这就是我们为什么需要你们。
感谢你你完成了Stardust@Home的虚拟显微镜训练。
放松一下，尽可能多的回顾前面，或者继续进行简短的训练质量测试和注册。
在蓝条上移动光标来改变焦点。

[ Last edited by 第三类接触 on 2006-5-20 at 03:13 ]

Rojer

三类同学好快啊！
没看到这里，做无用功了……T_T

http://stardustathome.ssl.berkeley.edu/ss_findingsd.php


Stardust Search                                   星尘搜索
   Finding Stardust                                       寻找星尘

On January 11, 2006, the Stardust spacecraft's sample return capsule parachuted gently onto the Utah desert. Nestled within the capsule were precious particles collected during Stardust’s dramatic encounter with comet Wild 2 in January of 2004.
在2006年1月11日，星尘飞船样品返回舱伞降到了尤它沙漠。安坐在返回舱的是星尘号与怀尔特2彗星在2004年1月戏剧性的交汇时捕获的珍贵微粒。

But the Stardust return capsule carried with it something else, even rarer and no less precious: tiny particles of interstellar dust that originate in distant stars, lightyears away. They are the first such pristine particles ever collected in space, and scientists are eagerly waiting for their chance to “get their hands” on them.
然而星尘号的返回舱还携带有其他的东西，更为稀少的珍宝：源于遥远恒星的星际尘埃微粒。这是迄今为止收集到的最古老的微粒，科学家们热切的等待着将它们弄到手里的机会。

Before they can study them, however, scientists will first need to find them. This, it turns out, will not be easy. Unlike the thousand of particles of varying sizes collected from the comet, scientists estimate that Stardust collected only around 40 interstellar dust particles. They are tiny—only about a micron (a millionth of a meter) in size! These few and miniscule particles are embedded in an aerogel collector 1,000 square centimeters in size. To make things worse, after almost seven years in space the collector plates are interspersed with flaws and cracks. All this makes the interstellar dust particles extremely difficult to locate.
然而在他们开始研究之前，科学家首先要找到它们。这可不容易，与从彗星收集到的上千大小不一的微粒不同，科学家估计星尘号仅收集到了大约40个星际尘埃微粒。它们很小——仅有微米（百万分之一米）大小！这些稀少又微小的微粒埋在1000平方厘米大小的气凝胶中。更糟糕的是在完成7年的空间飞行后收集器表面产生了许多缺陷和裂纹。所有这些使得定位星际尘埃变得极为困难。

If we were doing this project twenty years ago, we would have searched for the tracks through a high-magnification microscope. Because the view of the microscope is so small, we would have to move the microscope more than 1.6 million times to search the whole collector. In each field of view, you would focus up and down by hand to look for the tracks. This is so much work, that even starting twenty years ago, we would still be doing it today!
如果该项目放在20年前做，我们要使用高倍显微镜来寻找轨迹，由于显微镜的视野很小将导致不得不移动显微镜超过160万次来扫视整个收集器。在每一个观察区域，你需要手工上下调整焦点来寻找轨迹。这个工作量太大了，即使20年前开始，到现在也干不完。

This is where you come in:
这就是你要来的地方：

By asking for help from talented volunteers like you from all over the world, we can do this project in months instead of years. Of course, we can't invite hundreds of people to our lab to do this search—we only have two microscopes! To find the elusive particles we are using an automated scanning microscope to automatically collect images of the entire Stardust interstellar collector at the Curatorial Facility at Johnson Space Center in Houston, we call them focus movies. All in all there will be 1.6 million such focus movies. These are available to Stardust@home users like you around the world. You can then view them with the aid of a special Virtual Microscope (VM) that works in your web browser. The VM downloads and displays these images, so that you can do just what someone sitting at real microscope would do: focusing up and down in each movie to look for tracks. To use the VM you will need a relatively fast internet connection, and the latest version of just about any web browser. To find out more about the system requirements for the VM visit our Technical FAQ.
通过邀请来自全球的像你一样有才能的志愿者帮助，我们能在数月而不是数年内完成该项目。当然，我们不能邀请几百人到我们的实验室来开展搜索——我们只有两台显微镜！为寻找难以捉摸的微粒，我们使用一个自动扫描显微镜来自动收集放在休斯敦宇航中心医疗设施内的整个星尘收集器的图像数据，我们称这些数据为聚焦影片。全部大约会有160万这种影片。这些将供来自全球的和你一样的志愿者使用。你可以在一个特别的“虚拟显微镜”（VM）帮助下观察这些影片，VM靠你的浏览器工作。VM下载并显示这些影片，如同你坐在真正的显微镜前所要做的一样：在每部影片中上下调整焦点来寻找轨迹。为使用VM你需要一个快速因特网联接，任意一种最新版本的浏览器。想了解更多关于VM的系统要求可以访问我们的技术问答。

Together, you and thousands of other Stardust@home participants will find the first pristine interstellar dust particles ever brought to Earth.
你将和其他数千Stardust@home的参与者一起寻找首次被带回地球的古老星际尘埃微粒。

First, you will go through a web-based training session. You must pass a test to qualify to register and participate. After passing the test and registering, you will be able to login to the virtual microscope. The VM will automatically connect to our server and download focus movies. The VM will work within your web browser, under your control. You will search each field for interstellar dust impacts by focusing up and down with a focus control.
首先，你将进入一个基于网页的训练课程，并且要通过一个测试取得注册和参与资格。通过测试并注册之后，你就可以登录到虚拟显微镜了。VM会自动连接我们的服务器下载影片。VM运行在你的网页浏览器里，收你的控制。你可以通过聚焦控制器上下调焦，在每个视野中寻找星际尘埃的冲击。

[ Last edited by Rojer on 2006-5-28 at 11:26 ]

Rojer

红色那部分翻译没有问题吧？我觉得这个比较重要啊！
http://stardustathome.ssl.berkeley.edu/ss_findingsd_2.php


The best attitude for this project is this: Have Fun! If you're not having fun, stop.
对待本项目最好的态度是：玩儿的开心！如果你觉得不好玩那就停止吧。

In recognition of the critical importance of the Stardust@home volunteers, the discoverer of an interstellar dust particle will appear as a co-author on any scientific paper by the Stardust@home collaboration announcing the discovery of the particle. The discoverer will also have the privelage of naming the particle! Each particle, as it is discovered, will be given some kind of alpa-numeric identifier (an address of sorts) for book-keeping puposes. But the name that people will actually call each particle by will be given to it by its discoverer. To also recognize the efforts of our volunteers who work hard, but may not find a particle we will invite the top ranked volunteers to come visit our lab in Berkeley for a special tour.
为承认Stardust@home志愿者鉴定的重要性，尘埃的发现者将作为合著者出现在任何一篇Stardust@home协作宣布的微粒发现的科学论文中。发现者还享有对发现微粒的命名权！每一个被发现的微粒会有一个 字母-数字 形式的识别符（分类地址），为了登记用。但是人们实际称呼各个微粒的名字将由它的发现者给出。同样，为承认志愿者中辛勤工作但没有发现微粒的人所付出的努力，我们将邀请排名首位的志愿者做一次特别的旅行，访问我们在伯克利的实验室。

This is a completely new approach to doing research. We are in utterly new territory—no one has ever done a project like this before, so we have no experience with it. As with any research project, we will be learning as we go. We will make mistakes (we guarantee it). We ask in advance for your patience. All we can promise is that we will do our best.
这是一种全新的研究途径。我们处于一个全新的领域——之前从未有人这样做过，对此我们没有经验。如同许多研究项目一样，我们要边走边学。我们会犯错误（我保证会有的）。我们先要求你们要有耐心。我们所能保证的就是我们会尽全力的。

We will rely on your feedback to improve things as we go.
If you have ideas, suggestions, or questions, please use our message board to communicate those to us. We cannot guarantee that we will agree with every recommendation that you make. If we do, and it is practical to adopt it, we will do so. We will acknowledge those who make specific, constructive and polite recommendations on our website, even if we don't adopt them. We may not be able to respond personally to every message.
在进行当中，我们依赖你们的反馈以改进一些事情。
如果你有想法、建议或问题，请使用我们的留言板向我们传递信息。我们不能保证会同意你的每一项建议。我想我们会这样做的，我们将在网站上答谢那些提出特别的、有建设性的和有礼貌的提出建议的人，即使我们没有采纳。我们不会亲自回复每一个消息的。

Click below to begin the Tutorial Session to learn how to take part in this groundbreaking scientific project!
点击下面开始训练课程，学习如何参与这项地缘隔绝的科学项目！

[ Last edited by Rojer on 2006-5-21 at 10:14 ]

碧城仙

32 楼已转：http://www.equn.com/stardust/ss_findingsd.html
感谢 Rojer 翻译！

看中文教程显微镜效果：http://www.equn.com/stardust/ss_tutorial_schedule_number_11.html