开始翻译 Rosetta@home 官方站点

Youth

呵呵，没关系，当然是学业最为重要：）

好像现在主要就剩这个页面了：
http://boinc.equn.com/rosetta/rah_research.htm

比较难啃，召唤各路高人：）

Nye

真的很难，我正在努力。有些地方自己都觉得惨不忍睹，对生物学的了解还是太少。哎。。。
希望下星期能结束这个页面。
大家一起努力吧。



Predicton and Design of Macromolecular Structures and Interactions大分子结构及交互作用的预测与设计

    * Introduction介绍
    * Design of Protein Structure蛋白质结构设计
    * Design of Protein-Protein Interactions蛋白质交互作用设计
    * Prediction of Protein Structure蛋白质结构预测
    * Prediction of Protein-Protein Interactions蛋白质交互作用预测
    * Improvement of Physical Model物理模型的改进
    * Plans for the Future未来计划

      For information about Rosetta@home, click here. 要了解Rosetta@home,请点击这里。

     Introduction介绍
The goal of our current research is to develop an improved model of intra- and intermolecular interactions and to use this model to predict and design macromolecular structures and interactions. Prediction and design applications, which can be of great biological interest in their own right, also provide stringent and objective tests that improve the model and increase fundamental understanding.我们现在研究工作的目标是开发一种分子内和分子间交互作用的改良模型，并用这个模型来预测和设计大分子结构及其交互作用。这种预测和设计的应用，不仅自身就具有相当重要的生物学意义，而且为改进模型加深基础性理解提供了严格且客观的测试。

We use a computer program called Rosetta to carry out protein and design calculations. At the core of Rosetta are potential functions for computing the energies of interactions within and between macromolecules, and methods for finding the lowest energy structure for an amino acid sequence (protein-structure prediction) or a protein-protein complex and for finding the lowest energy amino acid sequence for a protein or protein-protein complex (protein design). Feedback from the prediction and design tests is used continually to improve the potential functions and the search algorithms. Development of one computer program to treat these diverse problems has considerable advantages: first, the different applications provide complementary tests of the underlying physical model (the fundamental physics/physical chemistry is, of course, the same in all cases); second, many problems of current interest, such as flexible backbone protein design and protein-protein docking with backbone flexibility, involve a combination of the different optimization methods.我们使用名为Rosetta的计算机程序来给出蛋白质及其设计的计算。在Rosetta的核心内，有若干功能和方法。它们包括：计算大分子内或大分子间交互作用所产生能量的势函数，发现氨基酸序列或蛋白质复合体最弱级能量结构的方法（即蛋白质结构预测），及发现蛋白质或蛋白质复合体所需最弱能量氨基酸排序的方法（即蛋白质设计）。预测和设计测试的反馈被不断用于改进势函数和查找算法。开发一种能处理这些不同问题的计算机程序具有相当大的好处。首先，这些不同的应用提供了基础物理模型的补充性测试（当然，基础物理/物理化学也是一样的）。其次，许多热门问题，如弹性骨架蛋白质设计和具有骨架弹性的蛋白质嵌合，都涉及了对不同最优化方法的结合。

[ Last edited by Nye on 2006-3-16 at 22:07 ]

Youth

The goal of our current research is to develop an improved model of intra- and intermolecular interactions

这句里面的interactions似乎你漏了翻译了：）

potential function应该是指“势函数”之类的吧

最弱级能量结构－》最低能量结构？

backbone我也不知道怎么翻译，但感觉应该不是指“脊椎”，可能是“主干”之类的

Nye

引用 Youth 在 2006-3-13 13:23 时的帖子:
The goal of our current research is to develop an improved model of intra- and intermolecular interactions

这句里面的interactions似乎你漏了翻译了：）

potential function应该是指“势函数”之类 ...

惭愧啊，刚装了大英百科，查了一下，的确是势函数，至于backbone 我当初也觉得不是脊柱之意，但一时想不出好词，希望大家帮帮忙。
不论多么难，也不管译得多差，反正我相信人多力量大，总能讨论出一个好结果来的。hehe~~~~

Nye

Design of Protein Structure蛋白质结构设计
Over the past several years, we have used our computational protein design method to stabilize dramatically several small proteins by redesigning every residue of their sequences, to redesign protein backbone conformation, to convert a monomeric protein to a strand-swapped dimer, and to thermostabilize an enzyme. A highlight was the redesign of the folding pathway of protein G, a small protein containing two beta-hairpins separated by an alpha-helix. In the naturally occurring protein, the first hairpin is disrupted and the second hairpin is formed at the rate limiting step in folding. In a redesigned variant in which the first hairpin is significantly stabilized and the second hairpin destabilized, the order of events is reversed: the first hairpin is formed and the second hairpin disrupted in the folding transition state. The ability to redesign protein-folding pathways rationally shows that our understanding of the determinants of protein folding has advanced considerably.在过去的数年里，我们利用我们的计算性蛋白质设计方法，重新设计了每一个序列的残基，从而戏剧般地使一些小蛋白质稳定下来，还重新设计了蛋白质骨架构造，将单节显性蛋白质转化成二聚交换捆，掌握了对酶的热稳定方法。重点是对蛋白质G的折叠路径的重新设计。蛋白质G是一个包含了被单alpha螺旋分隔的双 beta折叠的小蛋白质。在自然形成的蛋白质中，第一个折叠被分裂，而第二个折叠在限制速度里生成。在重新设计的变量中，第一个折叠是极为稳定的，第二个却是不稳定的，其顺序完全相反：第一个折叠形成时，第二个折叠在转换状态里被分裂。蛋白质折叠路径的重新设计能力客观地说明了我们对蛋白质决定性因素的了解已经大有进步。

Particularly exciting recently is the creation of novel proteins with arbitrarily chosen three-dimensional structures. We developed a general computational strategy for creating these protein structures that incorporates full backbone flexibility into rotamer-based sequence optimization. This was accomplished by integrating ab initio protein structure prediction, atomic-level energy refinement, and sequence design in Rosetta. The procedure was used to design a 93-residue protein called TOP7 with a novel sequence and topology. TOP7 was found to be monomeric and folded, and the x-ray crystal structure of TOP7 is strikingly similar (RMSD = 1.2 Å; see right panel of Figure 1) to the design model. The design of a new globular protein fold and the close correspondence of the crystal structure to the design model have broad implications for protein design and protein-structure prediction and open the door to the exploration of the large regions of the protein universe not yet observed in nature.最近极为令人激动的成果是随机选择三维结构创造的新蛋白质。我们开发了一种通用的计算策略，用于创造这些能将完整的骨架弹性整合进最优化螺旋异构体序列的蛋白质。这些是通过结合Rosetta的快速预测过程、精细预测修正和序列设计方法从而完成的。此程序用于设计一个有93残基的蛋白质，它被称为TOP7，有全新的序列和拓扑。TOP7被发现是单节显性且折叠的，它的X光晶体结构居然和设计模型很相似（见图1的右侧）。新球型蛋白质折叠设计同设计模型晶体结构的紧密联系扩大了蛋白质设计和蛋白质结构预测之间的关联，打开了探索蛋白质宇宙中未知领域的大门。

[ Last edited by Nye on 2006-3-16 at 22:11 ]

Youth

有几处的design似乎翻译成预测了

前一段最后一句的“蛋白质决定因素”应该是“蛋白质折叠的决定因素”吧

ab initio是预测过程中比较快速，比较粗糙的那个过程。
atomic-level enery refinement应该对应的就是预测过程中精细的过程（程序里面叫full atom relaxation），最后一个refinement翻译成“修正”之类的可能更好些。

Nye

引用 Youth 在 2006-3-16 11:51 时的帖子:
有几处的design似乎翻译成预测了

前一段最后一句的“蛋白质决定因素”应该是“蛋白质折叠的决定因素”吧

ab initio是预测过程中比较快速，比较粗糙的那个过程。
atomic-level enery refinement应该对应的就 ...

已作修正，多谢Youth 大哥指教！
明天再来贴。

Youth

最近r@h官方也整了个可以拿来翻译的资源文件，以后的中文版就直接做在官方网站上了

正在逐条翻译，已翻译的部分大多可以直接用，有一些不太准确的地方我进行了修改，还没翻译完的就是上面这个难啃的页面了：（

碧城仙

好的。这样最方便了，对大家都有好处。

Youth

已经可以看了,参考这个帖子:
http://www.equn.com/forum/viewthread.php?tid=13226

Grё@thΙll

似乎Rosetta官方的研究概况页面出来了一些中文，但是没有完全翻译～～大家可以对照一下～～^_^

   http://boinc.bakerlab.org/rosetta/rah_research.php

fwjmath

跟我们做的站点差不多吧~~~其他页面~~~文字上几乎是一样的~~~

Youth

....
就是我们这翻译然后提交上去的...