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发表于 2005-11-8 23:53:07
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Predicting Gravitational Waves
In This Section
Newton's Theory of Gravity
Flaws in Newton’s Theory
Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity
General Theory of Relativity
Gravitational Waves
Gravitational Waves and Space
Newton's Theory of Gravity
引力波的假说
牛顿的万有引力定律
Albert Einstein is probably the world’s most famous scientist. Although his fame is well deserved, Einstein’s work was largely based on the work of other great scientists. One of these scientists was Sir Isaac Newton, a man often called the founder of modern physical science.
Albert Einstein可能是世界上最著名的科学家。尽管Einstein的确名副其实，但是他的很多研究都是在其他伟大科学家研究的基础上才作出的，这些科学家其中就有Sir Isaac Newton，一个我们称为现代物理科学的奠基人。
Newton made many important contributions to math, physics, and astronomy, but he is best known for discovering the law of gravity. Much of Einstein’s work, including his prediction of gravitational waves, was inspired by Newton’s theory of gravity.
Newton为数学物理和天文学作出了很多重要贡献，他是以发现了万有引力定律而闻名。Einstein的许多研究，包括他的引力波的假说都是受到了Newton的万有引力定律的启发。
An often told story recounts Isaac Newton sitting under an apple tree one day, thinking about the universe. Suddenly an apple fell from the tree and hit him on the head. The startled Newton realized what had happened and, in that split second, he understood how the force of gravity pulled objects to the earth.
另外一个广为流传的故事是，一天Isaac Newton坐在一棵苹果树下正在思考的时候，忽然一个苹果从树上掉下来，砸在他的头上。瞬间， Newton就发生的这一切明白了万有引力是如何使物体落到地上的。
This story probably isn’t true, but it does have some truth in it. Newton’s observations about nature led him to the law of gravity. He realized that the force that pulls apples to the ground could also be what keeps the moon orbiting around the earth. Newton realized there must be an attractive force between all masses and he called this force gravity.
这个故事可能不是真的，但是它却有一定的真实性。Newton对自然界的观察使他发现了万有引力定律。他意识到是引力使苹果落到地上，也正是引力使月亮可以围着地球转。. Newton也认为在所有的物体间一定存在着某种引力，所以他称之为万有引力。
From his observations, Newton noticed that all objects are attracted to one another. The strength of the attraction is larger for large masses, but decreases as the objects move farther apart. He called this the law of gravity.
Newton在他的观察中，注意到所有的物体都是相互吸引。物体质量越大引力越强，但是引力却在物体离心移动时减弱。他称之为万有引力定律。
In his theory of gravity, Newton combined the work of the great scientists Copernicus ( 1473-1543) , Kepler (1571-1630), and Galileo (1564-1642). Newton’s theory solved many puzzles of his time, including the cause of tides, the motion of the earth and moon, and the orbit of comets.
Newton在他的万有引力理论中，结合了另外的几个伟大的科学家scientists Copernicus ( 1473-1543) , Kepler (1571-1630), and Galileo (1564-1642)的研究。Newton的理论解答了包括形成潮汐的原因，地球和月球的运动以及彗星的轨道的当时许多的难解之谜，
Although Newton’s theory explained what gravity does, the question of why it works this way remained a mystery for the next 300 years.
尽管牛顿的理论解释了什么是引力，但在未来的300年，为什么引力会起这样的作用这个问题仍旧将是个迷。 |
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发表于 2005-11-8 15:47:49